Lesson 43: If Clauses

Condition constructs express the probabilities of events that depend on conditions. The zero conditional expresses general truths; the first conditional expresses situations that have a high probability of occurring in the future; the second conditional expresses situations that are unlikely or unlikely to occur.

Zero Conditional:

Zero conditional expresses conditions that are general and highly probable.

If + present simple, present simple

"If you heat water to 100 degrees, it boils." 

First Conditional:

The first conditional expresses conditions that are likely to happen in the future.

If + present simple, will + bare infinitive (or can/may/might + bare infinitive)

"If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home."

Second Conditional:

The second conditional expresses conditions that are unlikely or improbable to happen.

If + past simple, would + bare infinitive (or could/might + bare infinitive)

"If I won the lottery, I would travel around the world."

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