Lesson 29: Infinitive Clauses

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Summary Comparison of Infinitive Clauses

Infinitive clauses are structures in which an infinitive verb (the base form of a verb preceded by "to") is used to express a purpose, intention, or a result. These clauses often function as the subject, object, or complement in a sentence and help add detail or clarify meaning. Infinitive clauses can follow certain verbs, adjectives, and nouns, and they are commonly used to explain why something is happening or the purpose behind an action.

There are several key functions of infinitive clauses, including expressing purpose, intention, or result, as well as indicating an action that follows another action.

1. Infinitive Clause Expressing Purpose:

Infinitive clauses can be used to express the purpose or reason behind an action. In these cases, the infinitive shows why something is done.

• Example 1: She went to the store to buy some milk.

  • Explanation: In this sentence, the infinitive clause "to buy some milk" explains the purpose of her action. She went to the store for the specific reason of buying milk.

• Example 2: He studied hard to pass the exam.

  • Explanation: The infinitive clause "to pass the exam" shows the purpose of studying. He studied with the goal of passing the exam.

2. Infinitive Clause Expressing Intention or Desire:

Infinitive clauses can also be used to express someone's intention, plan, or desire. This often follows verbs like "want," "hope," or "intend."

• Example 1: I want to go on vacation next month.

  • Explanation: The infinitive clause "to go on vacation" shows the speaker’s intention or desire. The speaker expresses a plan or wish to go on vacation.

• Example 2: She hopes to visit her family soon.

  • Explanation: The infinitive clause "to visit her family" expresses her intention or desire. She hopes to take action in the future.

3. Infinitive Clause as a Subject or Object:

In some cases, the infinitive clause can function as the subject or object of a sentence, helping to complete the meaning.

• Example 1: To finish the project on time is my priority.

  • Explanation: In this sentence, the infinitive clause "To finish the project on time" is the subject of the sentence, stating the priority.

• Example 2: She decided to take the job offer.

  • Explanation: Here, the infinitive clause "to take the job offer" is the object of the verb "decided," showing the action she chose to do.